Hardware: five kinds of metal materials. "Wu Yue spring and Autumn Annals" four "Helu neizhuan": "I heard that the king of Yue Yuan often sent Ou Yezi to make five swords Zhanlu is the king of hardware and the essence of sunlight. " According to the notes of "gold, sword, turtle and shell" in Shi Huo Zhi of Hanshu: "gold is gold of five colors, yellow is gold, white is silver, red is copper, green is lead, and black is iron." After that, they were collectively referred to as gold, silver, copper, iron and tin as hardware.

Hardware refers to five kinds of metal materials. The word "hardware" first appeared in "Wu Yue Chun Qiu" (spring and Autumn Annals of he Lu), "I heard that the king of Yue often made Ou Yezi to make five swords Zhanlu is the king of hardware and the essence of sunlight. " According to the notes of "gold, sword, tortoise and shell" in Shi Huo Zhi of Hanshu: "gold is gold of five colors, yellow is gold, white is silver, red is copper, green is lead, and black is iron." "Modern Chinese Dictionary" states: hardware, refers to gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, especially metal materials. Today's hardware is commonly referred to as metal materials or copper and iron and other handicrafts.

The further application of metal materials has a key effect on the development trend of human history and social development. Metal manufacturing appears in every corner of economic life, political life and national defense theme activities. For example, Yongkang, Zhejiang Province, has been known as "the paradise of hundreds of workers" since ancient times, and hardware craftsmen are also broad and profound. Since the Southern Song Dynasty, there have always been Yongkang copper craftsmen and blacksmiths who go out to make a living. In history, there has been a saying that "hardware craftsmen go everywhere, and the government, county and county can't leave Kang".

With the development of industrial society, the metal material hardware manufacturing industry is also developing rapidly. The hardware industry has an inestimable effect in the social and economic development trend, and the hardware products have become an indispensable industrial chain stage of industrial production and manufacturing.